Capgemini Salesforce Developer Interview Questions
Capgemini Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

Capgemini Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

On December 4, 2024, Posted by , In Salesforce Interview Questions, With Comments Off on Capgemini Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

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Preparing for a Capgemini Salesforce Developer Interview is crucial for showcasing your skills and standing out among candidates. Capgemini typically focuses on a range of technical and behavioral questions that delve into Salesforce development concepts, including Apex programming, Visualforce, and Lightning components. You can also expect scenario-based questions designed to evaluate your problem-solving abilities and how you apply Salesforce solutions in real-world situations. This guide will provide you with targeted insights and strategies to navigate the interview process effectively.

As a Salesforce Developer at Capgemini, you can earn an average salary between $80,000 and $120,000, reflecting the demand for skilled professionals in this area. By thoroughly reviewing the questions outlined in this content, you will not only understand the core competencies expected by Capgemini but also be able to articulate your experiences and solutions confidently. This preparation will empower you to demonstrate your expertise and readiness, significantly increasing your chances of impressing the interviewers and landing the role.

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1. What is the difference between Apex Classes and Apex Triggers?

Apex Classes and Apex Triggers serve distinct purposes in Salesforce development. As a Salesforce Developer, I understand that Apex Classes are used to encapsulate business logic and data processing. They can be invoked programmatically through different interfaces, such as Lightning components or Visualforce pages. By defining methods and properties within a class, I can create reusable code blocks that enhance maintainability and readability. For instance, I often create classes to manage complex data manipulations or interactions with external APIs.

On the other hand, Apex Triggers are special pieces of code that execute automatically in response to specific data changes in Salesforce records. They are primarily used to enforce business rules or to perform operations before or after inserting, updating, or deleting records. Triggers are tightly coupled with the object they are defined on, which makes them efficient for ensuring data integrity. For example, I frequently use triggers to update related records or send notifications based on changes in data.

See also: Salesforce Admin Exam Guide 2024

2. Explain Governor Limits in Salesforce and how to handle them in Apex.

Governor Limits are a critical aspect of Salesforce that every developer must understand. These limits ensure that resources are used efficiently and that no single process monopolizes shared resources. As a Salesforce Developer, I have encountered various limits, such as the number of SOQL queries, the number of records processed in a single transaction, and the total heap size allowed. Understanding these limits helps me write efficient code that performs optimally in the multi-tenant environment of Salesforce.

To handle these governor limits in my Apex code, I employ several best practices. First, I strive to use bulk operations, which means processing records in batches instead of individually. For instance, if I have a trigger that processes account records, I make sure it can handle multiple accounts at once. Here’s a simple code snippet to illustrate this:

trigger AccountTrigger on Account (before insert) {
    for (Account acc : Trigger.new) {
        acc.Name = acc.Name + ' - Processed';
    }
}

In this example, I ensure that my trigger processes all incoming records efficiently, minimizing the number of DML operations and SOQL queries. Additionally, I often use collection types like lists and maps to minimize queries and maximize performance.

See also: Mastering Email Address Validation in Salesforce

3. How do you call an Apex method from a LWC?

Calling an Apex method from a Lightning Web Component (LWC) is a straightforward process. As a developer, I typically use the @wire service or imperative calls to invoke Apex methods from my LWC JavaScript code. When using @wire, I can bind the method directly to a property, allowing for automatic data updates whenever the property changes. This approach is efficient and helps maintain reactive programming principles.

For instance, I define my Apex method as @AuraEnabled in the Apex class, making it accessible to the LWC. Here’s an example:

public with sharing class AccountController {
    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
    public static List<Account> getAccounts() {
        return [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account LIMIT 10];
    }
}

In my LWC JavaScript file, I can then call this method using the @wire decorator:

import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getAccounts from '@salesforce/apex/AccountController.getAccounts';

export default class AccountList extends LightningElement {
    @wire(getAccounts) accounts;
}

In this example, the accounts property will automatically populate with data from the Apex method, and the LWC will reactively update the UI as the data changes.

4. What are SOQL and SOSL, and how do they differ?

SOQL (Salesforce Object Query Language) and SOSL (Salesforce Object Search Language) are both used for querying data in Salesforce, but they serve different purposes. I often use SOQL to retrieve records from a single object or related objects based on specific criteria. It’s similar to SQL and allows for sophisticated queries with filtering and sorting capabilities. For example, if I want to get all accounts with a specific industry, I would write:

List<Account> accounts = [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Industry = 'Technology'];

This query efficiently fetches only the accounts that meet the specified criteria.

In contrast, SOSL is used to search across multiple objects simultaneously. When I need to search for a term in various fields across different objects, I use SOSL. For instance, if I’m looking for the term “Acme” in both Account and Contact objects, I can write:

List<List<SObject>> searchResults = [FIND 'Acme' IN ALL FIELDS RETURNING Account(Id, Name), Contact(Id, Name)];

This query returns a list of results from both accounts and contacts that contain the search term, making SOSL particularly useful for search functionalities.

See also: Salesforce Admin Interview Questions

5. How do you handle bulkification in Apex triggers?

Handling bulkification in Apex triggers is crucial for ensuring that my code can process large data volumes efficiently. As a Salesforce Developer, I always design my triggers to work with multiple records, which means I avoid performing DML operations or SOQL queries inside loops. Instead, I accumulate data in collections and process them outside the loop. This practice helps me stay within governor limits and improves performance.

For example, consider a trigger that updates related records when an account is modified. Here’s how I approach it:

trigger AccountTrigger on Account (after update) {
    List<Opportunity> opportunitiesToUpdate = new List<Opportunity>();
    for (Account acc : Trigger.new) {
        if (acc.Industry == 'Technology') {
            for (Opportunity opp : [SELECT Id FROM Opportunity WHERE AccountId = :acc.Id]) {
                opp.StageName = 'Closed Won';
                opportunitiesToUpdate.add(opp);
            }
        }
    }
    update opportunitiesToUpdate;
}

In this code, I collect all the opportunities that need updates into a list and perform a single DML operation outside the loop, which enhances efficiency and reduces the risk of hitting governor limits.

6. Explain the difference between a Standard Controller and a Custom Controller in Visualforce.

In Visualforce, a Standard Controller provides built-in functionality to work with standard Salesforce objects. When I use a standard controller, I can take advantage of the automatic data handling provided by Salesforce, such as create, read, update, and delete (CRUD) operations. For example, if I create a Visualforce page for the Account object using a standard controller, I can use it without writing any additional code to manage data operations. This feature saves development time and effort.

In contrast, a Custom Controller gives me full control over the logic and behavior of the Visualforce page. When I need to implement complex business logic that standard controllers cannot accommodate, I opt for a custom controller. I define all the methods and properties in an Apex class, allowing me to tailor the page’s functionality according to my needs. For instance, if I need to handle data processing or complex calculations, I can create a custom controller and invoke those methods in my Visualforce page, providing a more dynamic and responsive user experience.

7. How can you prevent recursion in Apex triggers?

Preventing recursion in Apex triggers is essential to avoid infinite loops that can lead to governor limit exceptions. To achieve this, I typically use a static variable within the trigger’s class to track whether the trigger has already executed for a particular operation. By checking this variable at the start of the trigger execution, I can control whether to proceed with the logic or skip it to prevent recursion.

Here’s a simple example of how I implement this:

public class AccountTriggerHandler {
    private static Boolean isFirstExecution = true;

    public static void handleAccountBeforeInsert(List<Account> accounts) {
        if (isFirstExecution) {
            isFirstExecution = false;
            // Trigger logic here
        }
    }
}
trigger AccountTrigger on Account (before insert) {
    AccountTriggerHandler.handleAccountBeforeInsert(Trigger.new);
}

In this example, I define a static Boolean variable isFirstExecution. The trigger checks its value before executing any logic. If the value is true, the logic runs, and I set it to false to prevent further execution during the same transaction.

See more: Salesforce JavaScript Developer Interview Questions

8. What are Apex sharing rules, and when would you use them?

Apex sharing rules are a powerful feature that allows me to programmatically control record access in Salesforce. By default, Salesforce follows a sharing model where records are accessible based on the user’s role and profile settings. However, there are situations where I need to grant access to specific records beyond the default settings. In such cases, I implement Apex sharing rules to enforce custom sharing logic based on business requirements.

For example, if I’m developing a custom application that requires specific users to access sensitive records, I can create an Apex sharing rule to programmatically share those records with the desired users or groups. This capability is particularly useful when dealing with complex business logic that standard sharing settings cannot accommodate. Here’s a basic code snippet illustrating how I might create a sharing rule:

public with sharing class AccountSharing {
    public static void shareAccountWithUser(Id accountId, Id userId) {
        AccountShare share = new AccountShare();
        share.AccountId = accountId;
        share.UserId = userId;
        share.AccessLevel = 'Edit';
        insert share;
    }
}

In this example, the method shareAccountWithUser creates a new sharing record for a specified account, granting edit access to a specific user.

9. Describe the order of execution in a Salesforce transaction.

Understanding the order of execution in a Salesforce transaction is critical for ensuring that my code behaves as expected. Salesforce follows a specific sequence of operations when processing records, which I always keep in mind when writing triggers and validation rules. The order begins with the initial data submission and includes various stages, such as executing validation rules, before and after triggers, workflows, and finally, committing the changes to the database.

The execution order can be summarized as follows:

  1. Load the record.
  2. Execute validation rules.
  3. Execute before triggers.
  4. Execute duplicate rules.
  5. Execute after triggers.
  6. Execute workflow rules.
  7. Execute process flows.
  8. Execute roll-up summary fields.
  9. Commit the changes to the database.

By understanding this order, I can strategically place my logic in the correct trigger context to ensure that it executes at the right time. For example, if I need to validate certain conditions before any DML operations, I would use a before trigger, whereas if I need to take actions after a record has been saved, I would use an after trigger.

See also: Accenture LWC Interview Questions

10. What is the purpose of Apex Test Classes, and what are test data factories?

Apex Test Classes are essential for ensuring the quality and reliability of my Apex code. Salesforce requires that at least 75% of my code is covered by unit tests before deployment, and writing test classes allows me to verify that my logic functions correctly under various conditions. In my test classes, I create specific scenarios to evaluate different paths and outcomes, ensuring that my code behaves as expected.

To make testing more efficient, I often use test data factories. A test data factory is a design pattern that helps me create and manage test records systematically. Instead of hardcoding test data directly in each test method, I define a separate class with methods to generate various records. This approach not only improves code reuse but also simplifies maintenance. Here’s an example of how I might structure a test data factory:

@isTest
public class TestDataFactory {
    public static Account createAccount(String name) {
        Account acc = new Account(Name = name);
        insert acc;
        return acc;
    }
}

In my test classes, I can now easily create accounts using this factory method, allowing me to focus on testing the logic without worrying about record creation.

11. How do you create and use a future method in Apex?

Creating and using a future method in Apex is a powerful way to perform asynchronous operations. Future methods allow me to execute long-running tasks in a separate thread, thereby improving the user experience by preventing delays in the main transaction. To define a future method, I use the @future annotation, and it must be static, return void, and accept only basic data types or arrays as parameters.

Here’s an example of how I create a future method:

public class FutureMethodExample {
    @future
    public static void sendEmail(String emailAddress) {
        // Logic to send email
        Messaging.SingleEmailMessage mail = new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage();
        mail.setToAddresses(new String[] { emailAddress });
        mail.setSubject('Future Method Test');
        mail.setPlainTextBody('This is a test email from a future method.');
        Messaging.sendEmail(new Messaging.SingleEmailMessage[] { mail });
    }
}

In this example, the sendEmail method is defined as a future method that sends an email to the specified address. To call this method, I simply invoke it from my code:

FutureMethodExample.sendEmail('test@example.com');

By using future methods, I can perform tasks that might take a significant amount of time, such as sending emails or making callouts, without affecting the performance of the user interface.

See also: Salesforce SOQL and SOSL Interview Questions

12. Explain the difference between @future and Queueable Apex.

While both @future methods and Queueable Apex allow for asynchronous processing in Salesforce, there are key differences that guide my choice between them. @future methods are simpler to implement and are suitable for executing tasks that don’t require chaining or complex job management. They are limited to basic types and cannot return results, which means I can only perform actions without expecting a response.

On the other hand, Queueable Apex provides more advanced capabilities. It allows me to create complex job chains and is capable of accepting non-basic types, such as objects. This flexibility enables me to build jobs that can pass data between them. Here’s a basic example of a Queueable class:

public class QueueableExample implements Queueable {
    public void execute(QueueableContext context) {
        // Logic for processing
        System.debug('Processing Queueable Job');
    }
}

To enqueue the job, I use the following code:

System.enqueueJob(new QueueableExample());

By leveraging Queueable Apex, I can create robust asynchronous processes that can be monitored and managed more effectively than with @future methods.

13. What are Apex Batch Classes, and when would you use them?

Apex Batch Classes are a powerful tool in Salesforce for processing large volumes of records asynchronously. When I need to handle significant amounts of data that exceed governor limits for DML operations or queries, I use batch processing. Apex Batch Classes allow me to break the data into manageable chunks, processing each batch in a separate transaction, which enhances performance and avoids hitting limits.

To create a batch class, I implement the Database.Batchable interface, which requires defining three methods: start, execute, and finish. The start method is responsible for returning a query locator or an iterable collection of records, while the execute method contains the logic to process each batch. Finally, the finish method is executed once all batches are processed. Here’s a simple example:

public class BatchAccountUpdate implements Database.Batchable<sObject> {
    public Database.QueryLocator start(Database.BatchableContext BC) {
        return Database.getQueryLocator('SELECT Id, Name FROM Account WHERE Industry = \'Technology\'');
    }

    public void execute(Database.BatchableContext BC, List<sObject> scope) {
        // Logic to process each batch
        List<Account> accountsToUpdate = (List<Account>) scope;
        for (Account acc : accountsToUpdate) {
            acc.Name += ' - Updated';
        }
        update accountsToUpdate;
    }

    public void finish(Database.BatchableContext BC) {
        // Finalization logic
        System.debug('Batch processing completed.');
    }
}

I can execute the batch class using:

Database.executeBatch(new BatchAccountUpdate());

Using Apex Batch Classes is ideal when I need to perform operations on large datasets, such as updating records or aggregating data, while ensuring efficient resource usage.

14. How does Apex Scheduler work, and what are its use cases?

The Apex Scheduler allows me to run Apex classes at specific intervals or times, making it a valuable tool for automating tasks and processes. By implementing the Schedulable interface, I can define a class that contains logic to be executed on a schedule. This feature is particularly useful for recurring tasks, such as sending out periodic reports, cleaning up data, or performing regular integrations.

To create a scheduled job, I define a class that implements the Schedulable interface, which requires implementing the execute method. Here’s a basic example:

public class ScheduledJobExample implements Schedulable {
    public void execute(SchedulableContext SC) {
        // Logic to perform on schedule
        System.debug('Scheduled job is running');
    }
}

To schedule this job, I can use the Salesforce UI or execute the following code in the developer console:

String cronExpression = '0 0 12 * * ?'; // Every day at noon
System.schedule('Daily Job', cronExpression, new ScheduledJobExample());

The cronExpression determines when the job will run. Using the Apex Scheduler is beneficial for tasks that need to be automated and executed at regular intervals, providing flexibility and efficiency in my Salesforce applications.

See also: Debug Logs in Salesforce

15. Describe the best practices for writing Apex triggers.

Writing efficient and maintainable Apex triggers is crucial for ensuring high-quality code. Here are some best practices I follow:

  1. One Trigger per Object: I create a single trigger for each object to avoid confusion and potential conflicts.
  2. Use Trigger Handler Classes: I implement a trigger handler pattern to separate business logic from the trigger. This improves code organization and makes testing easier.
  3. Bulkify Code: I ensure that my triggers can handle multiple records at once by using collections. This approach helps to stay within governor limits.
  4. Avoid SOQL and DML in Loops: I never perform SOQL queries or DML operations inside loops. Instead, I gather data in collections and perform operations outside the loop.
  5. Use Context Variables: I utilize context variables like Trigger.new, Trigger.old, and Trigger.isInsert to determine the context of the operation and control the logic effectively.
  6. Test Coverage: I ensure that my triggers have sufficient test coverage by writing unit tests that cover various scenarios.

By adhering to these best practices, I can create triggers that are efficient, maintainable, and easy to understand, which ultimately leads to better-performing applications.

16. How do you handle custom exceptions in Apex?

Handling custom exceptions in Apex allows me to create more meaningful error messages and improve error handling in my applications. To define a custom exception, I create a new class that extends the built-in Exception class. This approach enables me to throw specific exceptions based on my application’s logic and provide context about the error.

Here’s an example of how I create a custom exception:

public class CustomException extends Exception {
    public CustomException(String message) {
        super(message);
    }
}

In my Apex code, I can throw this exception when a specific condition is met. For instance:

public void processAccount(Account acc) {
    if (acc.Name == null) {
        throw new CustomException('Account name cannot be null');
    }
    // Additional processing logic
}

By throwing a custom exception, I can catch it in the calling code and handle it accordingly, such as logging the error or displaying a user-friendly message. This practice enhances error handling and makes my applications more robust.

See also: LWC Interview Questions for 5 years experience

17. Explain the difference between Database.insert() and insert DML statement.

The Database.insert() method and the insert DML statement are both used to insert records in Salesforce, but they have some differences in terms of error handling and flexibility.

The insert DML statement is a straightforward way to insert records and works well in most scenarios. However, if there is a validation rule or trigger that fails during the insertion, it will throw an unhandled exception, stopping the execution of the entire transaction.

Account acc = new Account(Name = 'Test Account');
insert acc; // Throws an exception if there's an error

On the other hand, Database.insert() provides more control over error handling by allowing me to specify whether to allow partial successes. This method can be particularly useful when inserting multiple records. For example:

List<Account> accounts = new List<Account>{
    new Account(Name = 'Account 1'),
    new Account(Name = 'Account 2')
};
Database.InsertResult[] results = Database.insert(accounts, false); // Allows partial success
for (Database.InsertResult result : results) {
    if (!result.isSuccess()) {
        System.debug('Error inserting account: ' + result.getErrors()[0].getMessage());
    }
}

In this example, using Database.insert() with false as the second parameter allows some records to be inserted successfully even if others fail, providing me with detailed error information for each record. This flexibility helps me handle bulk insert scenarios more effectively.

See also: Salesforce Developer Interview Questions for 8 years Experience

18. What is With Sharing and Without Sharing in Apex?

In Apex, the With Sharing and Without Sharing keywords determine the sharing rules and access permissions for the records that my code can access. When I declare a class with With Sharing, it enforces the sharing rules defined in Salesforce, ensuring that users only see the records they have access to based on their roles and permissions.

For instance, if I have a class defined as follows:

public with sharing class AccountController {
    public List<Account> getAccounts() {
        return [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account];
    }
}

In this case, only accounts that the current user has access to will be retrieved. This practice helps maintain data security and integrity within my applications.

Conversely, when I use Without Sharing, it ignores the sharing rules and allows full access to all records. This approach can be useful in scenarios where specific logic needs to bypass sharing settings, such as administrative tasks or background processing. Here’s an example:

public without sharing class AdminController {
    public List<Account> getAllAccounts() {
        return [SELECT Id, Name FROM Account];
    }
}

In this example, the getAllAccounts method retrieves all accounts, regardless of the user’s sharing settings. While this flexibility can be useful, I must use it cautiously to prevent unintended data exposure. Balancing these access controls helps me ensure both functionality and security in my Salesforce applications.

19. What is the difference between Aura and LWC components?

The difference between Aura and LWC (Lightning Web Components) lies primarily in their architecture and underlying technologies. Aura components are built using the Aura framework, which relies on a proprietary model and uses JavaScript for client-side scripting. This framework is older and can be more complex due to its reliance on the Aura component lifecycle and its use of a server-side controller model. This complexity can lead to performance challenges, especially with larger applications.

On the other hand, Lightning Web Components leverage modern web standards and utilize a more simplified and efficient approach. LWC is built using standard JavaScript, HTML, and CSS, making it easier for web developers to adopt. It offers better performance due to its lightweight nature and improved rendering speed. Additionally, LWC promotes a component-based architecture, where each component is encapsulated and reusable, enhancing maintainability and scalability. By using LWC, I can build applications that are more aligned with current web development practices, making my code cleaner and more efficient.

See also: Salesforce Apex Interview Questions

20. How do you pass data between components in LWC using events?

Passing data between components in LWC is primarily done through the use of events. When I need to communicate from a child component to a parent component, I use custom events. This process involves creating an event in the child component and dispatching it with the necessary data. The parent component listens for this event and handles the data accordingly.

Here’s an example of how I can implement this:

  1. In the child component, I create and dispatch a custom event:
// childComponent.js
import { LightningElement } from 'lwc';

export default class ChildComponent extends LightningElement {
    handleClick() {
        const event = new CustomEvent('mycustomevent', {
            detail: { message: 'Hello from Child Component' }
        });
        this.dispatchEvent(event);
    }
}
  1. In the parent component, I listen for the event and handle the data:
<!-- parentComponent.html -->
<template>
    <c-child-component onmycustomevent={handleCustomEvent}></c-child-component>
</template>
// parentComponent.js
import { LightningElement } from 'lwc';

export default class ParentComponent extends LightningElement {
    handleCustomEvent(event) {
        console.log(event.detail.message); // Outputs: Hello from Child Component
    }
}

In this example, the child component dispatches a custom event named mycustomevent, carrying a message in the detail object. The parent component listens for this event and processes the message in the handleCustomEvent method. This pattern allows for clear and structured communication between components, making my code easier to manage.

21. What is the role of Lightning Data Service (LDS) in LWC?

Lightning Data Service (LDS) plays a vital role in LWC by simplifying data access and manipulation without the need to write Apex code. LDS handles data interactions and caching automatically, allowing me to work with Salesforce data efficiently. It provides a consistent way to retrieve, create, update, and delete records while ensuring that data is synchronized with the Salesforce server.

One of the key benefits of using LDS is that it automatically manages sharing rules and field-level security. When I use LDS, I can focus on building the UI and logic without worrying about how to handle data permissions. For instance, when I need to display a record in my component, I can use the getRecord wire adapter:

import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getRecord from '@salesforce/apex/MyApexClass.getRecord';
import { getRecord } from 'lightning/uiRecordApi';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {
    recordId = '001XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'; // Example record ID
    @wire(getRecord, { recordId: '$recordId', fields: ['Account.Name', 'Account.Industry'] })
    account;

    get accountName() {
        return this.account.data ? this.account.data.fields.Name.value : '';
    }
}

In this example, I retrieve the account record using LDS, which automatically handles the necessary API calls and data synchronization. The record’s fields are accessible through the account property, and I can display the data directly in my component template. By using LDS, I streamline my data management processes, enhance performance, and maintain data integrity within my LWC applications.

Checkout: Variables in Salesforce Apex

22. How do you call Apex from an LWC using @wire and imperative method?

Calling Apex from an LWC can be done using both @wire and imperative methods, depending on the use case. The @wire decorator is useful for automatically refreshing data when the component loads or when the parameters change, while imperative calls give me more control over when to execute the Apex method.

Using @wire

To use the @wire decorator, I first import the Apex method and then use it within my component. Here’s an example:

import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getAccountList from '@salesforce/apex/MyApexClass.getAccountList';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {
    @wire(getAccountList)
    accounts;

    get accountsData() {
        return this.accounts.data ? this.accounts.data : [];
    }
}

In this case, getAccountList is called automatically when the component loads. The results are stored in the accounts property, and I can easily access the data.

Using Imperative Method

For more control, I can use an imperative call to execute the Apex method at a specific time, such as in response to a user action. Here’s how I can do this:

import { LightningElement } from 'lwc';
import getAccountList from '@salesforce/apex/MyApexClass.getAccountList';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {
    accounts;

    handleLoad() {
        getAccountList()
            .then(result => {
                this.accounts = result;
            })
            .catch(error => {
                console.error(error);
            });
    }
}

In this example, I call the getAccountList method when the handleLoad function is invoked, which allows me to handle the results or errors as needed. This approach gives me greater flexibility to manage when and how I call Apex methods within my LWC applications.

Read More: Data types in Salesforce Apex

23. How do you handle client-side caching in LWC?

Client-side caching in LWC is managed primarily through the use of Lightning Data Service (LDS) and the @wire service, which automatically caches records and fields. When I use LDS to retrieve data, it maintains a cache that minimizes the number of server requests and improves performance. The cache is invalidated automatically whenever data changes in Salesforce, ensuring that I always work with up-to-date information.

For example, when I retrieve a record using the getRecord wire adapter, the data is cached:

import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import { getRecord } from 'lightning/uiRecordApi';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {
    recordId = '001XXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'; // Example record ID
    @wire(getRecord, { recordId: '$recordId', fields: ['Account.Name', 'Account.Industry'] })
    account;

    // No need to manage caching manually
}

In this example, the account record is retrieved using LDS, which handles caching automatically.

If I need to implement custom caching logic, I can use JavaScript’s built-in Map object or a simple array to store data temporarily. For instance, I can store fetched data in a Map and check if the data exists in the cache before making a new API call:

const accountCache = new Map();

getAccount(recordId) {
    if (accountCache.has(recordId)) {
        return accountCache.get(recordId); // Return cached data
    }
    // Make an API call to fetch data and store it in the cache
}

This approach allows me to optimize performance further by reducing unnecessary API calls, providing a better user experience in my LWC applications.

24. How do you consume a REST API in Apex?

Consuming a REST API in Apex involves using the Http and HttpRequest classes to make HTTP requests to the desired endpoint. This process typically includes preparing the request, sending it, and handling the response. When I consume a REST API, I can perform various operations like GET, POST, PUT, or DELETE, depending on the requirements of the integration.

Here’s an example of how to make a GET request to a REST API in Apex:

public class ApiService {
    public String callExternalApi(String endpointUrl) {
        Http http = new Http();
        HttpRequest request = new HttpRequest();
        request.setEndpoint(endpointUrl);
        request.setMethod('GET');
        request.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');

        HttpResponse response = http.send(request);
        if (response.getStatusCode() == 200) {
            return response.getBody(); // Return response body if successful
        } else {
            throw new CalloutException('Error: ' + response.getStatus());
        }
    }
}

In this example, I create an HttpRequest object, set the endpoint URL, specify the HTTP method, and set the necessary headers. After sending the request, I check the response status code. If it’s successful (200), I return the response body; otherwise, I throw an exception with the error message. This basic structure helps me integrate with various RESTful services from within my Salesforce environment.

Read More: Array methods in Salesforce Apex

25. Explain the use of Named Credentials in Salesforce integrations.

Named Credentials in Salesforce provide a convenient and secure way to store authentication settings for external services. They simplify the process of integrating with APIs by managing authentication details, such as usernames, passwords, and OAuth tokens, without hardcoding sensitive information in my Apex code. Named Credentials enhance security by allowing me to use a declarative approach to manage access to external systems.

When I create a Named Credential, I can specify the authentication method (such as Basic or OAuth 2.0) and the URL for the external service. For example, if I set up a Named Credential called MyAPI, I can easily call the external API like this:

HttpRequest request = new HttpRequest();
request.setEndpoint('callout:MyAPI/some/endpoint');
request.setMethod('GET');

Http http = new Http();
HttpResponse response = http.send(request);

In this code snippet, callout:MyAPI refers to the Named Credential I created. Salesforce automatically handles the authentication process, so I don’t have to worry about including sensitive credentials in my code. This approach enhances security and maintainability, making it easier to manage API integrations.

26. How do you call an external web service from a Lightning component?

Calling an external web service from a Lightning component typically involves creating an Apex controller that handles the callout and then using that controller in my Lightning component. This approach allows me to make secure and efficient API calls while adhering to Salesforce’s security model.

Here’s how I can set this up:

  1. Create an Apex class to handle the callout:
public with sharing class ExternalApiService {
    @AuraEnabled(cacheable=true)
    public static String getDataFromExternalService() {
        Http http = new Http();
        HttpRequest request = new HttpRequest();
        request.setEndpoint('https://api.example.com/data');
        request.setMethod('GET');
        request.setHeader('Content-Type', 'application/json');

        HttpResponse response = http.send(request);
        if (response.getStatusCode() == 200) {
            return response.getBody(); // Return the response body if successful
        } else {
            throw new AuraHandledException('Error: ' + response.getStatus());
        }
    }
}

In this example, I create a method getDataFromExternalService that makes an HTTP GET request to the specified external API.

  1. Call the Apex method from the Lightning component:
<template>
    <lightning-button label="Get Data" onclick={handleGetData}></lightning-button>
    <template if:true={data}>
        <p>{data}</p>
    </template>
</template>
import { LightningElement, wire } from 'lwc';
import getDataFromExternalService from '@salesforce/apex/ExternalApiService.getDataFromExternalService';

export default class MyComponent extends LightningElement {
    data;

    handleGetData() {
        getDataFromExternalService()
            .then(result => {
                this.data = result;
            })
            .catch(error => {
                console.error(error);
            });
    }
}

In the Lightning component, I define a button that calls the handleGetData method when clicked. This method invokes the Apex controller, retrieves the data from the external service, and stores it in the data property, which I can then display in the component. This structure allows for efficient interaction with external APIs while maintaining the security and integrity of my Salesforce environment.

Read more: Accenture Salesforce Developer Interview Questions

27. Scenario:
You need to create a trigger that processes incoming records and performs different actions based on specific field values. How would you ensure the solution is scalable and efficient?

When creating a trigger that processes incoming records based on specific field values, I would prioritize bulk processing to ensure scalability and efficiency. First, I would avoid performing DML operations inside loops, as this can quickly hit governor limits. Instead, I would use collections like lists or maps to accumulate changes and perform bulk DML operations after processing all records.

I would also implement trigger patterns such as the Handler Pattern to separate business logic from the trigger itself. This helps in maintaining cleaner and more testable code. Here’s a rough structure of what I would do:

  1. Define a trigger handler class: This class will encapsulate all the logic and handle different field values efficiently.
public class RecordTriggerHandler {
    public static void processRecords(List<MyObject__c> records) {
        List<MyObject__c> recordsToUpdate = new List<MyObject__c>();
        for (MyObject__c record : records) {
            if (record.Field__c == 'Value1') {
                // Perform action for Value1
            } else if (record.Field__c == 'Value2') {
                // Perform action for Value2
            }
            // Add records to update list if needed
            recordsToUpdate.add(record);
        }
        if (!recordsToUpdate.isEmpty()) {
            update recordsToUpdate; // Bulk DML operation
        }
    }
}
  1. Trigger definition: The trigger would simply call the handler method, passing the incoming records.
trigger MyObjectTrigger on MyObject__c (before insert, before update) {
    RecordTriggerHandler.processRecords(Trigger.new);
}

By structuring my trigger this way, I can ensure that the solution is scalable, handles bulk records efficiently, and maintains readability and testability in the codebase.

Read more: Roles and Profiles in Salesforce Interview Questions

28. Scenario:
A user reports that a scheduled batch Apex job is failing intermittently due to governor limits. How would you debug and resolve the issue?

When a scheduled batch Apex job fails intermittently due to governor limits, my first step would be to check the debug logs for any patterns or specific errors that indicate which limits are being hit. I would focus on logging critical checkpoints within the batch class, including the execute method, to capture how many records are being processed and how many DML operations or SOQL queries are executed.

To resolve the issue, I would consider the following strategies:

  1. Review Batch Size: Adjust the batch size to a smaller value. The default size is 200 records, but depending on the complexity of the processing logic, I might decrease it to 100 or even lower. This would reduce the total number of DML operations and SOQL queries executed in a single transaction.
  2. Optimize SOQL Queries: Ensure that the SOQL queries within the execute method are optimized. I would check if I can consolidate queries or if there are opportunities to filter records more effectively.
    • Utilize Collections: Instead of performing DML operations within the execute method, I would accumulate records into collections and execute a single DML statement after processing all records. This can significantly reduce the number of DML statements.
  3. Implement Error Handling: Implement proper error handling to catch exceptions. By logging these exceptions and implementing a retry mechanism, I can ensure that transient issues don’t cause the job to fail entirely.

By following these steps, I can identify and resolve the root cause of the intermittent failures, ensuring that the scheduled batch job runs smoothly without hitting governor limits.

29. Scenario:
You are tasked with creating an LWC that fetches data from multiple custom objects and displays them in a single, cohesive view. What approach would you take to optimize the performance of this component?

To create an LWC that fetches data from multiple custom objects and displays it efficiently, I would take the following approach to optimize performance:

  1. Use Lightning Data Service (LDS): I would leverage LDS for fetching data whenever possible, as it automatically handles caching and provides a seamless experience without the need for additional Apex calls. By using getRecord for individual records or getListUi for collections, I can reduce the number of server requests.
  2. Batch Apex for Complex Queries: If the data fetching involves complex queries or relationships between multiple custom objects, I would consider creating an Apex method that consolidates this logic. This method would perform the necessary SOQL queries and return a single JSON response containing all the data needed for the LWC.
  3. Implement Lazy Loading: Instead of loading all data at once, I could implement lazy loading. This means loading only the data that is currently visible to the user, and fetching more data as needed when they scroll or interact with the component.
  4. Optimize Rendering Logic: To further enhance performance, I would optimize the rendering logic within the LWC. Using conditional rendering and track properties effectively helps to minimize DOM updates and improves the user experience.
  5. Cache Results: If applicable, I could implement a caching mechanism to store previously fetched data. This prevents unnecessary server calls for data that users are likely to request multiple times.

By implementing these strategies, I can create a performant and user-friendly LWC that effectively displays data from multiple custom objects in a cohesive manner.

Read more: Salesforce Senior Business Analyst Interview Questions

30. Scenario:
A business requirement needs you to integrate Salesforce with an external system for real-time data synchronization. Describe the steps you would take to implement this integration securely and efficiently.

Integrating Salesforce with an external system for real-time data synchronization requires careful planning and execution. Here are the steps I would take to implement this integration securely and efficiently:

  1. Define Integration Requirements: I would start by gathering detailed requirements from stakeholders to understand what data needs to be synchronized, the frequency of updates, and any specific conditions or transformations required during the synchronization process.
  2. Choose the Right Integration Method: Depending on the requirements, I would evaluate whether to use Outbound Messaging, REST API, or Streaming API for real-time synchronization. For instance, if the external system can handle REST calls, I would set up a REST API integration using Named Credentials to securely manage authentication.
  3. Implement Secure Authentication: I would utilize OAuth 2.0 or Named Credentials to securely authenticate the external system. By using Named Credentials, I can store sensitive authentication details securely, ensuring that my code remains clean and secure.
  4. Develop Apex Classes for Callouts: If using REST APIs, I would create Apex classes to handle outbound callouts to the external system. This includes crafting the appropriate HTTP requests and managing responses.
  5. Utilize Platform Events or Change Data Capture (CDC): To trigger the integration in real-time, I would consider using Platform Events or Change Data Capture (CDC). These features allow me to listen for changes in Salesforce records and trigger the integration process immediately.
  6. Handle Errors Gracefully: Implement error handling and logging mechanisms to capture any issues that arise during the integration process. This includes handling scenarios where the external system is down or returns errors.
  7. Test the Integration Thoroughly: Before deploying, I would conduct comprehensive testing to ensure that data synchronization works as intended, including performance testing to ensure the integration can handle expected loads.
  8. Monitor and Optimize: After deployment, I would set up monitoring to track the performance of the integration and look for opportunities to optimize the process further. This includes reviewing logs and metrics to identify any bottlenecks or errors.

By following these steps, I can create a secure and efficient real-time data synchronization integration between Salesforce and the external system, ensuring that both systems remain in sync and maintain data integrity.

Read more: Methods – Salesforce Apex

Conclusion

Preparing for the Capgemini Salesforce Developer Interview is a strategic step toward advancing your career in a highly competitive field. The insights and knowledge gained from understanding common interview questions, including Apex, LWC, and integration scenarios, will equip you with the necessary skills to demonstrate your expertise effectively. Emphasizing your ability to solve complex problems and optimize solutions will not only showcase your technical proficiency but also highlight your alignment with Capgemini’s commitment to innovation and quality.

As you approach your interview, remember that preparation is key. By familiarizing yourself with the specific challenges and scenarios you may face, you can confidently articulate your thought processes and problem-solving strategies. This preparation will help you stand out among other candidates and illustrate your readiness to contribute to Capgemini’s dynamic teams. Your dedication to mastering these concepts will ultimately reflect your commitment to professional growth and your potential as a valuable asset to the organization.

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